中国对外承包工程和劳务合作是在对外开放政策指引下逐步发展起来的。1978—79年初,为抓住有利时机,参与国际工程承包和劳务合作竞争,中国建筑工程公司、中国公路桥梁工程公司和中国土木工程公司经国务院批准相继成立。这三家公司和原承担中国对外经济技术援助项目实施的中国成套设备出口公司,率先对外开展承包劳务,1979年在伊拉 China’s foreign contracted projects and labor service cooperation have gradually developed under the guidance of the opening up policy. From the beginning of 1978-79, in order to seize the favorable opportunity to participate in international project contracting and labor service cooperation and competition, China Construction Engineering Corporation, China Highway Bridge Engineering Corporation and China Civil Engineering Company were established with the approval of the State Council. The three companies and the original Chinese equipment export company that undertook the implementation of China’s foreign economic and technical assistance projects took the lead in carrying out contractual labor services to foreign countries. In 1979, the