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为探明机械化播栽方式对杂交中稻干物质生产的影响,2012~2013年采用两因素裂区试验设计,研究了播栽方式及其与穴苗数和播期互作对杂交中稻F优498干物质积累与分配、干物质输出与转化的影响。结果表明:播栽方式及其与穴苗数和播期的互作对杂交中稻干物质积累、分配和转运具有明显影响。机直播和机插处理的群体总干物质积累量低于手插处理,但机直播在拔节—抽穗阶段的干物质积累量和积累速率显著高于机插和常规手插,同时保持较高的茎鞘输出量、茎鞘输出率和茎鞘转化率,而机插在抽穗—成熟阶段具有较高的干物质积累量和积累速率。低苗和早播处理有利于提高抽穗后物质同化量、抽穗后干物质所占比例以及抽穗后干物质贡献率。适当早播能够有效提高杂交中稻机直播和机插的收获指标。
In order to find out the effect of mechanized sowing mode on the dry matter production of mid-season hybrid rice, the two-factor split experimental design was used from 2012 to 2013 to study the effects of sowing mode, Material Accumulation and Distribution, Dry Matter Output and Conversion. The results showed that: sowing mode and its interaction with acreage and sowing date had a significant effect on dry matter accumulation, distribution and translocation of mid-season hybrid rice. The total dry matter accumulation of the two groups was lower than that of the control group, but the dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate of direct seeding in jointing-heading stage were significantly higher than those of machine insertion and conventional hand insertion, while maintaining high Stem-sheath output, stem-sheath output, and stem-sheath transformation rate, while the host plant had higher dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate at heading-maturation stage. Low seedling and early sowing treatment is conducive to improving the assimilation amount after heading, the proportion of dry matter after heading and the contribution rate of dry matter after heading. Appropriate sowing date can effectively improve the harvesting indices of direct sowing and insertion of medium hybrid rice.