在中国古代的占卜中,卜和筮是两种最重要的形式。卜是灼龟甲及兽骨,籍其兆象以决嫌疑,而筮则是揲蓍草之类,假以卦数来断犹豫。商、西周甲骨卜辞之中,已发现两者并用同占,在战国楚卜筮简中更为习见~①。十余万片的殷商卜辞可以称为一部商人的百科全书,集中反映了当时的各项制度~②。西周的312片有字甲骨也是研究西周历史重要的实物材料知~③。楚卜筮简与其相比,更为完整和系统,是我们目前了解楚人以及战国时期卜筮制度最重要的依据。然而,自1899年商甲骨卜辞问世,百余年来,学者在研究其中所蕴含的众多制度的同时,从未涉足一个重要的领域,即“卜筮仪节”。 Among the ancient divination in China, Bu Helu is the two most important forms. Bu is a burning shell turtle and animal bones, membership of its trillion like to decide the suspect, and 筮 is the yarrow and the like, leave the number of divination to hesitate. Shang, the inscriptions of the Oracle during the Western Zhou Dynasty, has found both with the same occupation, more common in the Warring States Chu Bu Jian Si ~ 1. More than ten thousand pieces of Shang inscriptions can be called an encyclopedia of merchants, which concentrated on the various systems of the time. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, there are 312 slices of oracle bone that are also important materials for the study of the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Compared with them, Chu Bajian is more complete and systematic, which is the most important basis for our understanding of the Chu people and the system of the Kuomintang during the Warring States Period. However, since the advent of the Oracle Inscriptions in 1899, more than a hundred years have passed since the scholars studied many of the systems that they contained. They never touched an important area, namely, the “festival”.