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目的探讨镉暴露能否通过SD大鼠胎盘屏障。方法雌性SD大鼠12只随机分为3组,每组4只,依次皮下注射去离子水(对照组)、20μg/kg体质量112Cd2+溶液(低剂量组)和40μg/kg体质量112Cd2+溶液(高剂量组),1次/d,连续注射52～55 d,其间在第31天开始与雄性SD大鼠按常规方法交配,孕第20天剖杀母鼠。取母鼠血、脐带血用原子吸收光谱仪测镉水平;用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测胎鼠脑、肾脏、肝脏和胎盘镉水平。结果低剂量组和高剂量组的胎盘[(2.431±0.311)、(4.954±0.120)mg/kg]、脐血[(1.188±0.419)、(3.143±0.662)μg/L]和肝脏[(0.037±0.003)、(0.084±0.009)mg/kg]镉水平与对照组[(0.002±0.001)mg/kg、(0.114±0.018)μg/L、(0.010±0.003)mg/kg]比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);低、高剂量组胎鼠脑镉水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论镉可通过胎盘屏障到达胎鼠体内,并在胎盘蓄积。
Objective To investigate whether cadmium exposure can pass through the placental barrier of SD rats. Methods Twelve female SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 rats in each group. Subcutaneous injection of deionized water (control group), 20μg / kg body weight 112Cd2 + solution (low dose group) and 40μg / kg body weight 112Cd2 + High dose group) once a day for 52-55 days. On the 31st day, males were mated with male SD rats according to the conventional method. The level of cadmium in fetal rat blood and umbilical cord blood was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The levels of cadmium in fetal rat brain, kidney, liver and placenta were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results The levels of placenta [(2.431 ± 0.311) and (4.954 ± 0.120) mg / kg], umbilical cord blood [(1.188 ± 0.419) and (3.143 ± 0.662) μg / L] ± 0.003), (0.084 ± 0.009) mg / kg] compared with the control group [(0.002 ± 0.001) mg / kg, (0.114 ± 0.018) μg / L, (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in brain cadmium levels between the low and high dose groups and the control group (P> 0.05). Conclusion Cadmium can reach the fetus through the placental barrier and accumulate in the placenta.