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目的了解德宏州傣族、景颇族、阿昌族、德昂族、傈僳族、汉族人群携带地中海贫血基因现状,为防治提供科学依据。方法采用PCR和反向点杂交技术鉴定β-地贫基因;以跨跃断裂点PCR(GAP-PCR)技术和凝胶电泳鉴定α-地贫基因,并进行统计分析。结果检测血样本3 018份,检出地中海贫血基因939份,阳性率31.11%,其中α地中海贫血基因阳性率18.36%,β地中海贫血基因阳性率12.76%。不同民族的阳性率比较差异均有统计学意义。结论德宏州属地中海贫血高发区,临床工作中要做好鉴别诊断和治疗。
Objective To understand the current status of thalassemia gene in Dai, Jingpo, Achang, De’ang, Lisu, and Han nationalities in Dehong prefecture and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment. Methods The β-thalassemia gene was identified by PCR and reverse dot blot hybridization. The α-thalassemia gene was identified by GAP-PCR and gel electrophoresis, and the statistical analysis was performed. Results A total of 3 018 blood samples were detected, and 939 of them were detected. The positive rate of thalassemia gene was 31.11%. The positive rate of α-thalassemia gene was 18.36% and the positive rate of β-thalassemia gene was 12.76%. The positive rates of different ethnic groups were statistically significant differences. Conclusion Dehong is a high incidence of thalassemia in clinical work to do a differential diagnosis and treatment.