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目的 探讨低水平铅暴露对儿童神经行为的影响。方法 整群随机抽取某市幼儿园 4～ 6岁 2 11名儿童为研究对象 ,采指端末梢血 2 0 μl,原子吸收石墨炉法测定血铅 ,以血铅水平 10 0 μg/L为界 ,分为高血铅组(≥ 10 0 μg/L)和低血铅组 (<10 0 μg/L) ,采用Achenbach儿童行为量表 (CBCL)及自拟调查表进行问卷调查 ,其结果运用t ,χ2 检验 ,简相关及多元逐步回归等方法进行统计分析。结果 高血铅组外向行为得分及行为异常率(13.2 8± 6 .2 6 ,18.2 6 % )显著高于低血铅组 (9.98± 5 .4 6 ,7.2 9% ) (t =4 .0 6 77,χ2 =5 .4 70 ,均P <0 .0 5 ) ,血铅值与外向行为中多动、攻击、违纪因子分显著正相关 (r =0 .316 4 ,0 .2 82 8,0 .1886 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,血铅值≥ 15 0 μg/L时 ,行为异常率显著增加 (χ2 =13.6 95 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 低水平铅暴露对儿童外向行为具有负性影响。
Objective To investigate the effect of low level lead exposure on neurological behavior in children. Methods A total of 2 11 children aged 4 to 6 years from a kindergarten in a certain city were selected as research objects. Blood samples were taken from 20 peripheral blood of finger-tip and blood lead by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The blood lead level was 100 μg / L, The subjects were divided into high blood lead group (≥10 0 μg / L) and low blood lead group (<10 0 μg / L). Achenbach children’s behavior scale (CBCL) and self-made questionnaire were used for questionnaire survey. , χ2 test, simple correlation and multiple stepwise regression were used for statistical analysis. Results The scores of outward behavior and behavioral abnormalities in high blood lead group (13.2 8 ± 6.26, 18.2 6%) were significantly higher than those in low blood lead group (9.98 ± 5.46, 7.29%) (t = 4.0 6 77, χ2 = 5.470, all P <0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between blood lead level and hyperactivity, attack and discipline factors in the outward behavior (r = 0.316 4,0.282 8 , 0.1886, P <0.05). When blood lead level was more than 150 μg / L, the abnormal behavior rate increased significantly (χ2 = 13.695, P <0.05). Conclusion Low level lead exposure has a negative effect on children’s outward behavior.