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目的了解韶关市区学龄前儿童视力发育异常的发病率以及影响学龄前儿童视力发育的相关因素,以采取相应措施,促进其视力健康发育。方法随机选择韶关市区的20家托幼机构的1 265名学龄前儿童作为研究对象。采用Sure Sight视力筛查仪进行视力筛查,向视力异常儿童家长及同比例视力正常儿童家长发放《儿童视力影响因素调查表》,对各个影响因素进行统计分析。结果筛查了1 265名学龄前儿童,发现异常人数261名(20.63%)。3~、4~、5~、6~<7岁四个年龄组的异常率分别为19.86%,18.39%、19.21%、26.09%。调查男性学龄前儿童652人,异常率22.59%,女性学龄前儿童613人,异常率18.59%。学龄前儿童视力异常率与其看电视时间、看电视距离、玩电子产品时间、挑食偏食、家庭采光、父母视力异常、每日户外运动时间、父母是否掌握眼睛保健知识、不良用眼习惯等日常生活有关(P<0.05)。结论韶关市区学龄前儿童的视力发育情况受到多种不良生活习惯的影响,应引起社会重视。
Objective To understand the incidence of abnormal visual acuity in preschool children in Shaoguan City and the related factors that affect preschool children’s visual acuity in order to take appropriate measures to promote the healthy visual acuity. Methods A total of 1,265 preschool-aged children from 20 kindergartens and nurseries in downtown Shaoguan were randomly selected as the study subjects. Vision screening was performed with Sure Sight vision screening device. Parents of children with visual acuity and parents of normal children with visual acuity were distributed “Questionnaire of Influencing Factors of Children’s Vision” to make statistical analysis on various influencing factors. Results A total of 1,265 preschoolers were screened and 261 (20.63%) were found abnormal. The abnormal rates in 3 ~, 4 ~, 5 ~, 6 ~ <7 years old age groups were 19.86%, 18.39%, 19.21% and 26.09% respectively. A total of 652 preschool children were investigated, with an abnormal rate of 22.59% and 613 preschool children, with an abnormal rate of 18.59%. Preschool children’s visual acuity rate and its watching TV time, watching television distance, playing electronic products time, picky eaters, family lighting, abnormal vision of parents, daily outdoor activities, parents grasp the eye health knowledge, bad habits with the eyes and other daily life Related (P <0.05). Conclusion The visual development of preschool children in Shaoguan City is affected by many unhealthy living habits and should be paid more attention by the society.