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农地所有权转让与经营权流转是农村土地市场形成的基本条件。农地规模经营是承包经营权流转的基本动力。依据当前国家的法律和政策,国家通过强制征收制度垄断了农地所有权交易市场,农地产权的自由交易仅限于承包经营权流转。实践证明,这种二元交易机制导致效率和公平双重损失。深化农村土地市场改革,重在维护农民的土地权益,防止各种形式的利益侵蚀行为。一要遵循市场机制进行强制征收;二要规范集体建设用地使用权流转;三要统一不同类型农地承包经营权的权能;四要建立合理的价格形成机制和完善的服务体系;五要健全农地流转的法律程序。
The transfer of ownership of agricultural land and the transfer of management rights are the basic conditions for the formation of the rural land market. The scale management of farmland is the basic driving force for the transfer of contractual management right. According to the laws and policies of the current country, the state monopolized the market of ownership of agricultural land through compulsory levying system. The free trade of farmland property rights was limited to the circulation of the contractual management right. Practice has proved that this binary transaction mechanism leads to double losses of efficiency and fairness. Deepen rural land market reform, focusing on safeguarding farmers’ land rights and interests, to prevent all forms of erosion of benefits. First, we must follow the market mechanism to impose compulsory levy; Second, we must standardize the circulation of collective construction land use rights; Third, we must unify the power of different types of contractual management of farmland rights; Fourth, we must establish a reasonable price formation mechanism and a sound service system; Circulation of legal proceedings.