结合民初的社会历史状况来考察,新文化(新文学)的产生和当时政党政治实践的失败密切相关。二次革命失败后,在国外,流亡于海外的同盟会——国民党系的革命派产生分化,从中分化出欧事研究会一系从事于思想文化的反思与宣传;在国内,进步党本想带袁世凯走开明专制的策略,却被袁世凯的皇帝梦所击碎。“唯宪法主义”的政党政治基本失去了民主重建和改造社会的作用。先进的人们痛定思痛,终于认清了主导中国的并 Combined with the social and historical conditions in the early Republic of China, the emergence of a new culture (new literature) was closely related to the failure of political parties at that time. After the failure of the Second Revolution, in the foreign countries, the revolutionary allies exiled overseas, the Kuomintang departments, were divided, and the European Studies Council was divided into a series of reflections and propaganda on ideology and culture. In China, Yuan Shikai go enlightened autocratic strategy, it was crushed by the dream of Emperor Yuan Shikai. Party politics of “only constitutionalism” have basically lost the role of democratic reconstruction and social transformation. The advanced people took great pains and finally realized the importance of leading China