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目的:了解2017-2018年台州市新报告且未接受抗病毒治疗(ART)的HIV/AIDS血浆巨细胞病毒血症现患率及其影响因素。方法:收集台州市新报告且未接受ART的成年HIV/AIDS血浆样本,提取核酸后采用荧光定量PCR检测巨细胞病毒DNA水平,采用单因素与多因素logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果:研究对象612例HIV/AIDS中,男性480例(78.4%),年龄>60岁125例(20.4%),同性性传播者177例(28.9%),异性性传播者430例(70.3%)。巨细胞病毒血症现患率为13.4%(82/612)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,CDn 4+T淋巴细胞计数(CDn 4)≤200 个/μl者现患巨细胞病毒血症的风险显著高于CDn 4>500 个/μl者(n OR=5.10,95%n CI:1.74~14.96,n P=0.003);82例现患巨细胞病毒血症者的血浆巨细胞病毒DNA载量(logn 10)中位数为1.57(n Pn 25,n Pn 75:1.04,2.13),CDn 4≤200 个/μl者的巨细胞病毒载量最高(n P500 cells/μl ( n OR=5.10, 95%n CI:1.74-14.96, n P=0.003); The median CMV DNA level (logn 10) of 82 viremic patients was 1.57 (n Pn 25,n Pn 75:1.04,2.13); Viremic patients with CDn 4 counts ≤200 cells/μl had the highest CMV viral load (n P<0.01).n Conclusions:Among ART-naive HIV/AIDS patients, the prevalence of CMV viremia was significantly associated with immunodeficiency status. Further research is needed to evaluate the association between CMV viremia and the course of HIV infection.