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古代书画鉴定实践的方法主要是凭个人经验的“目验”、“望气”鉴定法,这是传统书画鉴定方法的特征。但这并不代表传统鉴定方法仅限于此。我们在历代有关书画鉴定的著述中,不难发现除“目验”、“望气”以外的,比如以文史知识、作品材料等为依据的多种鉴定方法,这在宋人黄长睿(伯思)《东观余论》、米芾《书史》中都有所体现。可见古代鉴定书画的方法和手段其实本来是有多样性的,但它只是只缣片楮,不成典范而已。不过它仍旧是今天的出发点,反过来在另一方面,我们认为现当代书画鉴定实践方法的转型,又必然有这个时代的特点和烙印,它相对于古代传统的鉴定方法有许多不同的特征,这主要表现在两个方面。第一,考古学方法对书画鉴定实践的借鉴及影响。
The ancient painting and calligraphy identification practice is mainly based on personal experience “test ”, “look Qi ” identification method, which is the characteristics of the traditional calligraphy and painting identification method. However, this does not mean that the traditional method of identification is limited to this. In the writings of calligraphy and painting appraisal in the past dynasties, it is not difficult to find a variety of appraisal methods based on literary and historical knowledge and works materials besides the “test” and “expectancy” Huang Changrui (Beth) “East View I on”, Miriam “Book History” are reflected. It can be seen that the methods and means of appraising calligraphy and paintings in ancient times were in fact very diverse. However, they are only examples of films and paintings, and they are not exemplary. However, it is still the starting point for today. On the other hand, we think that the transformation of the practical method of identification of contemporary calligraphy and painting must have the characteristics and the imprinting of this era. Compared with the ancient traditional methods of identification, there are many different characteristics. This is mainly manifested in two aspects. First, the reference and influence of archeology on the identification of calligraphy and painting.