要建立一个安全的保密通信通道,关键就是密钥管理。传统的密钥管理并不能完全解决安全问题,量子密码技术却可以从根本上解决这个问题。本文从实用的角度提出一个基于无源光学网络环境中建立量子密钥的实用方案,这个方法可以由一个网络控制者在一个星型网络上和多个网络用户分别建立、更新密钥。为节约量子探测设备,和通常用四个量子态的保密通信方案相比,这个方案只用了两个量子态。本文还分析了在网络的各个位置上存在窃听时网络的安全性能。 To establish a secure communication channel, the key is key management. Traditional key management does not completely solve the security problem, and quantum cryptography can fundamentally solve this problem. This paper presents a practical approach based on the idea of ​​establishing a quantum key in a passive optical network environment. This method allows a network controller to establish and update keys on a star network and multiple network users respectively. To save on quantum detection equipment, this scheme uses only two quantum states compared to a secure communication scheme that normally uses four quantum states. This article also analyzes the security performance of the network in the presence of eavesdropping in various places on the network.