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南平市地处闽北南部,是一个以种植水稻为主的农、林、果、牧综合农业区。全市水田面积28.92万亩,占耕地面积95.6％;其中双季稻面积为16.41万亩,单季稻面积为11.13万亩。由于地理位置、气候条件等原因,“三寒”出现频繁,影响着水稻的高产、稳产。因此,必须了解掌握“三寒”的发生规律,采取科学的防御措施,趋利避害,夺取水稻高产稳产。一、“三寒”天气发生规律三寒即指“倒春寒”、“五月寒”和“秋寒”。1.“倒春寒”是指3月下旬至4月上旬,正值早稻播种、育秧时期,受到较强冷空气南下的影响,出现连续3天或3天以上的日均气温低于10℃(粳稻)、12℃(籼稻)的低温阴雨,造成烂种、烂秧的天气。
Nanping City is located in the southern part of northern Fujian, is a comprehensive planted agricultural areas of rice, agriculture, forestry, fruit and animal husbandry. The city’s paddy field area of 28.92 hectares, accounting for 95.6% of arable land; of which double-crop rice area of 164,100 mu, single-season rice area of 113.13 hectares. Due to geographical location, climatic conditions and other reasons, “three cold” appear frequently, affecting the high yield and stable yield of rice. Therefore, we must understand and grasp the regularity of the occurrence of “three colds”, adopt scientific defensive measures, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and seize the high and stable yield of rice. First, the “three cold” weather occurs The three cold refers to the “late spring”, “May cold” and “autumn cold.” 1. “Late spring cold” refers to the late March to early April, at early rice sowing, seedling raising period, under the influence of strong cold air south, appeared for 3 consecutive days or more than 3 days average daily temperature below 10 ℃ (japonica rice ), 12 ℃ (Indica) low temperature overcast, causing rotten species, rotten seedling weather.