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[目的]系统研究人参灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers)的生物学特性。[方法]在田间采集具有典型症状的人参灰霉病病组织,采用组织分离法分离病菌,获得纯培养,研究培养基、温度、pH值、碳源、氮源对人参灰霉病菌孢子生长特性的影响。[结果]人参灰霉病菌菌丝生长及产孢最适温度为25℃,分生孢子萌发适宜温度为20～25℃;病菌菌丝生长及分生孢子萌发最适宜pH值为6.0。对碳源的利用以蔗糖最佳,其次为葡萄糖和果糖;氮源以蛋白胨最佳,其次为牛肉膏、酵母汁、丙氨酸,硝铵;在不同的培养基里以PDA培养基中培养的菌丝生长最快,产生灰色菌丝,菌落浓密。菌核、菌丝和分生孢子的致死温度分别为60、55和50℃。[结论]该研究结果可为人参灰霉病发病规律的研究和病害防治提供科学依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to systematically study the biological characteristics of Botrytis cinerea Pers. [Method] The gray ginseng disease tissues with typical symptoms were collected in the field. The pathogen was isolated by tissue isolation method and pure culture was conducted to study the effects of medium, temperature, pH value, carbon source and nitrogen source on the growth of spores of Botrytis cinerea Impact. [Result] The optimal temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation of Mycobacterium gonorrhoeae was 25 ℃ and the optimum temperature for conidiospore germination was 20 ~ 25 ℃. The most suitable pH value for mycelium growth and conidial germination were 6.0. The best utilization of carbon source was sucrose, followed by glucose and fructose, the best nitrogen source was peptone, the second was beef extract, yeast extract, alanine and ammonium nitrate. The medium was cultured in PDA medium The fastest mycelium growth, resulting in gray mycelium, dense colonies. Lethal temperatures of sclerotia, mycelium and conidia were 60, 55 and 50 ℃, respectively. [Conclusion] The results of this study could provide a scientific basis for the study of the pathogenesis of gingivosa and prevention and treatment of disease.