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中国社会科学在走向定量分析的时代,应重视与历史研究相结合,而半个世纪以来西方社会科学的历史转向一直很活跃,表现为对当代突出的社会抗争问题进行历史形成过程的追踪与比较分析。查尔斯·蒂利是成功典范,主要方式是依托以主题或问题为导向的跨学科研究中心,历史地比较不同时空的主题。作为该转向的两个典型议题,身份构建在近现代中国的演变有何特征?社会抗争如何在历史上得到解释?社会身份的多重构建是人口流动带来的自然结果,但曾一度为现代政治力量所推动及其意识形态所构建的阶级身份刻意遮蔽;与西方社会运动不同,中国的社会抗争是日常政治生活的一部分,是老百姓表达意愿的一种方式,有利于政治稳定。中国式身份构建与社会抗争有利于世界文明的途径是,通过大众教育与非暴力的组织过程,致力于把人的尊严带给底层社会,井赋予自身传统一种积极的道德价值。
In the era of quantitative analysis, Chinese social science should attach importance to the combination of historical research. For the past half century, the historical turn of the western social sciences has been very active. It shows the tracking and comparison of the historical formation of the contemporary prominent social protest. analysis. Charles Tilly is a model of success. The main approach is to compare the different themes of history and space with historical themes or problem-oriented interdisciplinary research centers. As the two typical topics of this shift, what are the characteristics of the evolution of identity construction in modern China? How has the social struggle been explained in history? The multiple construction of social identities is a natural result of population mobility. However, Different from the Western social movements, China’s social struggle is part of daily political life and a way for ordinary people to express their wishes, which is conducive to political stability. Chinese-style identity construction and social struggle The way to benefit the world civilization is to devote people’s dignity to the grassroots society and to give their own tradition a positive moral value through the organizational process of mass education and non-violence.