The design and fabrication of nanostructures based on titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) have attracted much attention because of their low cost, non-toxicity, stability, and potential applications in industry and technology. Recently, one-dimensional (1D) structured titanates have been used as titanium source to prepare TiO 2 nanostructures with various crystalline phases, shapes, sizes, exposed facets, and hierarchical structures. Among the synthetic strategies, hydrothermal method is a facile route to controllable preparation of well-crystalline TiO 2 in one step. Herein, we review our recent progress in transferring 1D titanates into TiO 2 nanostructures through hydrothermal method, including the transformation mechanism and applications. The design and fabrication of nanostructures based on titanium dioxide (TiO 2) have attracted much attention because of their low cost, non-toxicity, stability, and potential applications in industry and technology. Recently, one-dimensional (1D) structured titanates have been used as titanium source to prepare TiO 2 nanostructures with various crystalline phases, shapes, sizes, exposed facets, and hierarchical structures. Among these synthetic strategies, hydrothermal method is a facile route to controllable preparation of well-crystalline TiO 2 in one step. Herein , we review our recent progress in transferring 1D titanates into TiO 2 nanostructures through hydrothermal method, including the transformation mechanism and applications.