有源噪声控制中，误差传感器布放的合理与否，直接关系到自适应有源噪声控制系统的降噪效果。本文利用遗传算法研究了自由场ＡＡＮＣ中误差传感器的布放问题，较好地解决了传统的梯度搜索算法难以解决的位置优化问题。仿真结果表明，用遗传算法寻找到的误差传感器的最优位置与理论分析结果吻合。 Active noise control, the error sensor is placed or not, is directly related to adaptive active noise control system noise reduction. In this paper, genetic algorithms are used to study the placement of error sensors in a free-field AANC, which can well solve the problem of location optimization which is difficult to be solved by traditional gradient search algorithms. Simulation results show that the optimal position of the error sensor found by genetic algorithm is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.