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公共管理关联于公共服务的有效供给。公共管理的传统范式基于市场与政府的二分法,认为市场可以有效地供给私人物品和服务,而政府可以有效地供给公共物品和服务。作为公共选择布卢明顿学派的代表人物,奥斯特罗姆夫妇认为公共服务存在四种理想类型,而不是公私两种;公共选择的目的就是探讨不同类型公共服务的有效供给模式。在此基础上,本文论证指出,公共服务的分类供给模式构成了公共管理新范式,这意味着一种类型的供给组织专长于一种类型的公共服务。结合转型中国的法人普查数据,本文还实证地检验了教育、卫生和文化行业中涌现的分类供给模式——自组织效率。因此,走向公共管理新范式应该成为转型中国供给侧改革的策略选择。
Public management is related to the effective supply of public services. The traditional paradigm of public administration, based on the dichotomy between the market and the government, believes that the market can effectively supply private goods and services and that the government can effectively provide public goods and services. As a representative of the Bloomington School of Public Choice, Ostrom considers that there are four ideal types of public service, not both public and private. The purpose of public choice is to explore the effective modes of supply of different types of public services. On this basis, the argument of this paper points out that the categorized supply mode of public service constitutes a new paradigm for public management, which means that one type of supply organization specializes in one type of public service. Combined with the transitional China legal person census data, this paper also empirically tests the taxonomy of supply emerging in the education, health and cultural industries - self-organizing efficiency. Therefore, moving toward a new paradigm of public administration should be the strategic choice for the reform of China’s supply-side reform.