锂盐用于治疗精神性疾患已70余年。1950年始报道在锂盐治疗的病人中出现外周血白细胞升高,直至1973年Tisman 证实用碳酸锂治疗的病例中,几乎均出现中性粒细胞增多。此后,随着对锂作用机制的深入研究,发现锂具有许多医学上甚为重要的生物学作用。其中,锂对血液学的影响可能基于锂为类似钾、钠单价阴向离子,因而可以影响钾、钠离子依赖性酶的活性。其次,由于抑制腺苷环化酶的作用减少细胞内环磷酸腺苷环化酶的作用,使细胞内环磷酸腺苷(c-AMP)的水平下降。从而对造血细胞产生影响。锂盐在临床上已用于治疗粒细胞减少,血小板减少,重症全血细胞减少及再生障碍性贫血等。自1965年体外造血细胞培养成功以来,已有不少有关锂对造血细胞影响的报道,现综述如下:1.多能造血干细胞(CFU-S);Levitt1980年用液体培养观察锂对小鼠造血细胞的影响,培养液中加入相当于治疗量血清浓度的1毫克分子浓度(1 mM/L)的锂,一周后,上清液中粒系祖细胞(CFU-C)及CF-U-S 较对照者明显增加。当浓度为4mM/L 时 Lithium salts have been used to treat mental disorders for more than 70 years. The 1950s reported a rise in peripheral blood leukocytes in lithium-treated patients until almost all cases of neutrophilia were confirmed by Tisman in 1973 when treated with lithium carbonate. Since then, with the in-depth study of the mechanism of action of lithium, lithium has been found to have many medically important biological roles. Among them, the impact of lithium on hematology may be based on lithium as potassium, sodium monovalent anion ions, which can affect potassium, sodium ion-dependent enzyme activity. Second, the level of intracellular cyclic AMP (c-AMP) is decreased by inhibiting the action of adenosine cyclase on cellular intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate cyclase. Thus affecting hematopoietic cells. Lithium salts have been clinically used to treat neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, severe pancytopenia and aplastic anemia. Since the success of in vitro hematopoietic cell culture in 1965, there have been many reports on the impact of lithium on hematopoietic cells, are summarized as follows: 1 pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (CFU-S); After 1 week, the supernatant myeloid progenitor cells (CFU-C) and CF-US were treated with lithium in a concentration of 1 mM (1 mM) Significantly increased. When the concentration is 4mM / L