Background Recent studies have shown that drug eluting stent (DES) implantation improved clinical outcome concerning efficacy compared with bare-metal stent (BMS) implantation, and sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) seemed superior to paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) in improving the outcomes. Firebird SES is the most widely used SES in China. Long-term comparison of safety and efficacy between Firebird SES and Taxus PES in Chinese popuation is still not available. The aim of this research was to compare the safety and efficacy at 24 months after the successful implantation of Firebird SES and TAXUS PES in Chinese population.Methods From April 2004 to October 2006, 3110 consecutive patients who underwent successful DES (Firebird SES 2274; Taxus PES 836) implantation were prospectively enrolled into this study. All enrolled patients were divided into two groups based on stent type. By outpatient clinic visit and telephone interview, we obtained 24-month clinical outcome including death, myocardial infarction (Ml), thrombosis, target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization (TVR), and major adverse cardiac events (MACE, the composite of death, Ml, and TVR). We used Coxs proportional-hazards models to assess relative risks of all the outcome measures before and after propensity match. Results Unadjusted clinical outcomes indicated that the patients treated with Firebird SES were associated with lower risk of TLR (HR0.38, 95%CI 0.26-0.54), TVR (HR 0.51,95%CI 0.38-0.68) and MACE (HR 0.53, 95%CI 0.41-0.68). The results after propensity match were consistent with that before matching, lower risk of TLR (HR 0.33, 95%CI 0.19-0.58), TVR (HR 0.41, 95%CI 0.26-0.64), MACE (HR 0.48, 95%CI 0.33-0.68) in Firebird group.Conclusion Compared with Taxus PES, the use of domestic Firebird SES may decrease the risk of TLR, TVR and MACE in daily practice.