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英语阅读理解考查最多的题型就是推理判断题，几乎每篇阅读理解都会涉及这类题型，多则每篇三四题。推理判断题的解题关键在于挖掘、读懂隐含信息，根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实。
推理判断一般包括：推测作者或人物的观点、态度、意图、身份、情感，对作者或文段所涉及的人物、事件作出评价等。准确的推理，要求考生能够准确提取文段所叙述或描绘的事件背景提供的信息，同时要求考生能够充分结合自己的经验、常识。在做推理判断题时，有时候很多考生觉得所有选项似乎都是对的，不知道选哪一个好，有时候看见一些表述过于绝对的选项，也不敢大胆排除……我们且来看下面这篇文段。
【例】（2012年福建卷E篇）
①Holidays are really important.Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways.
②But holidays are expensive and，for those on low wages or living on benefits，they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.
③For working parents，the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks，there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. For some ’ this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult.
④The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safeguarding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays，much of this is missed.
⑤While teachers are holidaying in the UK，many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live. The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.
⑥In setting out its plans for a five-term year，Nottingham City Council（委员会）is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down lo four and a half weeks，with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks，each followed by a two-week break.We believe this will give real“down time”for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning.
⑦We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff，particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities.However，this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. 1. The passage is probably written by .
A. an experienced teacher
B. a working parent
C. an inspired student
D. a city council member
解析：通篇文章读下来之后，我们可以排除B和C选项，因为文章中没有任何以这两者为第一人称所表述的语句。根据第⑥段的内容可知，在提出一年五个学期的计划时，诺丁汉市议会在力图把暑假缩短到四个半星期，同时推行更为平衡的大致八个星期的五个学期，每个学期后有两个星期的假期，且根据“We believe this will give...”以及“We acknowledge that this change may...”中以“We”口吻讲述这份计划可以推知，作者是议会的一员，故选D。其实根据我们的常识也可以知道，这种大计划，一般都是一些政府部门来拟定的，他们的立场较为中立，无明显的感情色彩，如果是家长、老师或者学生，未免有一些偏激的观点。从本文的观点来看，作者应该是一个类似政府部门的工作人员。
2. The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students_____.
A. obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs
B. get a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in school
C. benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment
D. have more school days to receive free school meals
解析：根据第⑤段的内容可知，在英国，当老师放假时，许多学生会在他们居住的街道上度过整个六个星期的假期。六个星期没有学校的免费伙食给家庭预算带来了压力，也不能给予能帮助孩子继续学习的鼓舞人心的体验。诺丁汉市议会提出缩减暑假期限，就是为了保证孩子们能够得到更多的关怀和学习环境，故选C。这一题，就出现上述提到的情况——C项和D项看起来似乎都是对的。但是如果考生深入来思考问题的话，就能做出正确选择。虽然六个星期的假期期间没有学校的免费伙食，这给家庭预算带来了压力，但不是所有的家庭都有这个压力，而且，提出缩减假期的目的并不是为了让学生更多地获得学校提供的免费伙食，获得免费伙食的途径绝对不仅仅是学校提供这一个而已。因此，缩减假期最重要的目的，是保证孩子们能够得到更多的关怀和学习环境。这也是将文章线索和我们的常识结合起来做推理判断。
3. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children
B. the suggested plans for a five-term school year can hardly be carried out
C. the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real“down time”
D. some school staff will say“No”to the plans for a shorter summer holiday
解析：根据常识，A项说一些工薪阶层的父母能够享受五个星期的假期来照顾他们的孩子，这明显不可能，目前还没有哪个国家能够让父母享有如此长的假期。B项认为这个计划非常难实施，根据最后一段第一句“We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff，particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities”可知，对一些学校的工作人员来说，这种调整可能很难，尤其是那些让自己的孩子在其他机构受教育的员工。由此可知这部分员工有可能反对这个计划的实施，而不是大部分的人反对这个计划，这就可以排除B项，直接选择D项。而C项与全文观点相反。
推理判断一般包括：推测作者或人物的观点、态度、意图、身份、情感，对作者或文段所涉及的人物、事件作出评价等。准确的推理，要求考生能够准确提取文段所叙述或描绘的事件背景提供的信息，同时要求考生能够充分结合自己的经验、常识。在做推理判断题时，有时候很多考生觉得所有选项似乎都是对的，不知道选哪一个好，有时候看见一些表述过于绝对的选项，也不敢大胆排除……我们且来看下面这篇文段。
【例】（2012年福建卷E篇）
①Holidays are really important.Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways.
②But holidays are expensive and，for those on low wages or living on benefits，they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.
③For working parents，the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks，there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. For some ’ this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult.
④The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safeguarding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays，much of this is missed.
⑤While teachers are holidaying in the UK，many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live. The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in pressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.
⑥In setting out its plans for a five-term year，Nottingham City Council（委员会）is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down lo four and a half weeks，with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks，each followed by a two-week break.We believe this will give real“down time”for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning.
⑦We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff，particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities.However，this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care. 1. The passage is probably written by .
A. an experienced teacher
B. a working parent
C. an inspired student
D. a city council member
解析：通篇文章读下来之后，我们可以排除B和C选项，因为文章中没有任何以这两者为第一人称所表述的语句。根据第⑥段的内容可知，在提出一年五个学期的计划时，诺丁汉市议会在力图把暑假缩短到四个半星期，同时推行更为平衡的大致八个星期的五个学期，每个学期后有两个星期的假期，且根据“We believe this will give...”以及“We acknowledge that this change may...”中以“We”口吻讲述这份计划可以推知，作者是议会的一员，故选D。其实根据我们的常识也可以知道，这种大计划，一般都是一些政府部门来拟定的，他们的立场较为中立，无明显的感情色彩，如果是家长、老师或者学生，未免有一些偏激的观点。从本文的观点来看，作者应该是一个类似政府部门的工作人员。
2. The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students_____.
A. obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs
B. get a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in school
C. benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment
D. have more school days to receive free school meals
解析：根据第⑤段的内容可知，在英国，当老师放假时，许多学生会在他们居住的街道上度过整个六个星期的假期。六个星期没有学校的免费伙食给家庭预算带来了压力，也不能给予能帮助孩子继续学习的鼓舞人心的体验。诺丁汉市议会提出缩减暑假期限，就是为了保证孩子们能够得到更多的关怀和学习环境，故选C。这一题，就出现上述提到的情况——C项和D项看起来似乎都是对的。但是如果考生深入来思考问题的话，就能做出正确选择。虽然六个星期的假期期间没有学校的免费伙食，这给家庭预算带来了压力，但不是所有的家庭都有这个压力，而且，提出缩减假期的目的并不是为了让学生更多地获得学校提供的免费伙食，获得免费伙食的途径绝对不仅仅是学校提供这一个而已。因此，缩减假期最重要的目的，是保证孩子们能够得到更多的关怀和学习环境。这也是将文章线索和我们的常识结合起来做推理判断。
3. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children
B. the suggested plans for a five-term school year can hardly be carried out
C. the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real“down time”
D. some school staff will say“No”to the plans for a shorter summer holiday
解析：根据常识，A项说一些工薪阶层的父母能够享受五个星期的假期来照顾他们的孩子，这明显不可能，目前还没有哪个国家能够让父母享有如此长的假期。B项认为这个计划非常难实施，根据最后一段第一句“We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff，particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities”可知，对一些学校的工作人员来说，这种调整可能很难，尤其是那些让自己的孩子在其他机构受教育的员工。由此可知这部分员工有可能反对这个计划的实施，而不是大部分的人反对这个计划，这就可以排除B项，直接选择D项。而C项与全文观点相反。