新生儿早发型败血症是引起新生儿，尤其在低出生体质量儿死亡的主要原因之一。其临床症状不典型，疾病进展隐匿、迅速，目前的诊断方法不够理想，易误诊、漏诊从而导致高病死率。故早期准确诊断新生儿早发型败血症极为重要。文章就新生儿早发型败血症的相关检查研究进展，包括病原菌培养、外周血细胞计数、降钙素原、C-反应蛋白、细胞因子、分子生物学技术以及新的研究尝试作一综述，为早期诊断新生儿早发型败血症提供帮助。“,”Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is one of the major causes of mortality in neonates, especially in very low birth weight infants. EONS has no speciifc manifestations, and progresses rapidly and unexpectedly. EONS is often missed diag-nosed or even misdiagnosed due to the absence of ideal diagnostic methods in current clinical practice, and this dilemma leads to the high mortality of EONS. Therefore the accurate diagnosis in the early stage of EONS is very important. This review describes the progress in diagnostic methods of EONS including culture, blood cell counts, molecular biological technique, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein measurements, cytokine proifling and some other novel means. It may provide useful information for early diagnosis of EONS.