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目的研究合肥市2009～2011年流行性感冒(简称流感)流行状况及型别分布,并分析其流行趋势,为流感的防控提供科学依据。方法每周统计监测点流感样病例(ILI)数据,采集流感样病例鼻咽拭子标本,使用荧光PCR检测流感病毒核酸。结果 2009年9～12月流感活动达到高峰期,2010～2011年则表现为夏秋和冬季双峰分布。2009年6～8月份以季节性H1N1流感病毒占优势,2009年9～12月转变为甲型H1N1流感病毒占优势,2010年1～3月份又转变为乙型流感病毒占优势,2010年8～10月又变为季节性H3N2,至2011年1月份又再次转变成甲型H1N1流感占优势。2009～2011年两个监测周期中,ILI%分别为6.81%和2.16%;流感病毒核酸阳性率分别为51.34%和10.18%。结论 2009～2011年度合肥市出现流感流行高峰。季节性H3N2、H1N1流感病毒和甲型H1N1、乙型流感病毒均有流行。
Objective To study the prevalence and type distribution of influenza in Hefei from 2009 to 2011 and to analyze its epidemiological trend and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods The flu-like illness cases (ILI) data were collected every week. Samples of nasopharyngeal swabs from influenza-like cases were collected and influenza virus nucleic acids were detected by fluorescence PCR. Results The flu activity peaked from September to December in 2009 and bimodal distribution in summer and autumn in 2010-2011. From June to August 2009, the seasonal H1N1 influenza virus predominates. From September to December 2009, the virus became the predominant Influenza A (H1N1) virus, and from January to March 2010 became the predominant Influenza B virus. In 2010, 8 ~ October again into a seasonal H3N2, once again transformed into H1N1 influenza in January 2011 dominant. During the two monitoring cycles from 2009 to 2011, ILI% were 6.81% and 2.16% respectively; the positive rates of influenza virus nucleic acid were 51.34% and 10.18% respectively. Conclusion The peak of epidemic of influenza occurred in Hefei from 2009 to 2011. Seasonal H3N2, H1N1 influenza virus and influenza A H1N1, influenza B viruses are prevalent.