虚实关系是宋代哲学的重要理论课题。理学家曾以自己的“实”学对佛老的空虚观展开深入的批判。但在叶适眼中,理学之“实”实际是虚。叶适通过对《易传》文本的梳理和观点的重新阐释,否定《彖》、《象》以外其他各篇为孔子所作,认为从根本上支撑起理学理论的《易传》诸说,实际与佛老的专以心性为宗主走到了一起,从而泯灭了尧舜以来作为学术正途的内外交相成之道。叶适的揭示和批评对“实”学和理学本身都具有重要的意义。 The relationship between the actual situation and the Song Dynasty is an important theoretical issue of philosophy. Neo-Confucianism has conducted in-depth criticism of the emptiness of Buddhism with his own “real” theory. But in Ye Shi eyes, Neo-Confucianism “real ” is actually empty. Ye Shi through the “Yi Chuan” text combing and re-interpretation of point of view, denying “彖” and “image” other than for each of the Confucius made, that from the fundamental theoretical proposition of “Yi Zhuan” Zhu said, the actual With the old Buddha dedicated to the sovereign as the main came together, thus obliterating the Yao and Shun since the academic route as both internal and external benefits. The revelation and criticism of Ye Shi is of great significance to the study of both “real” and “neo-Confucianism” itself.