形式主义将文学性作为文学研究的对象,认为文学创作的根本艺术宗旨在于审美过程,忽视了文学性的内涵在人类历史发展中不断地融合进新的意识形态特征,而具有浓厚的当下意识形态色彩。陌生化手段是一种可重复使用艺术创作手法,而文本则是在特定的历史语境中生成的,具有唯一性。将语言学理论强加于文学作品的分析方法,是一种欠缺必要证实过程的做法。重新审视俄国形式主义的缺陷,有助于当前我国文学理论的建设。 Formalism regards literariness as the object of literary studies and holds that the fundamental artistic purpose of literary creation lies in the aesthetic process and that the connotation of literaryness has been continuously integrated into the new ideological features in the historical development of mankind but has a strong current ideology color. Defamiliarization is a reusable approach to artistic creation, whereas text is generated in a specific historical context and is unique. The imposition of linguistic theories on the analysis of literary works is a practice lacking the necessary proof processes. Reviewing the defects of Russian formalism is helpful to the current construction of Chinese literary theory.