1背景尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。[1]William Rivers是最早采用比较法检验文化对健康影响的临床医生之一,他既是一位医生,也是一位社会人类学家,同时也因其著作成为一位实验心理学家。William Rivers于1904年创立了《英国心理学杂志》(British Journal of Psychology),是科学实验中采用双盲临床实验法的第一人。令人觉得讽刺的是,双盲 1 Background Although human interest in other societies runs through all stages of history, testing the impact of different cultural concepts on human health practices began in the twentieth century when it was accompanied by long-term anthropological fieldwork that revealed The diversity, complexity and continuity of relevant health practices across cultures. [1] William Rivers was one of the earliest clinicians to test the health effects of culture by using comparative methods. He is both a doctor and a social anthropologist, and also an experimental psychologist for his book. William Rivers founded the British Journal of Psychology in 1904 and was the first to adopt a double-blind clinical trial in scientific experiments. Ironically, double blind