论文部分内容阅读
用~(60)Coγ射线2.064C/kg辐照春小麦118个杂交组合的杂种当代干种子的一半粒数,以另半数种子为对照,通过多代选择、最后在经过辐照的“赛洛斯×奇春4号”杂交组合的后代中育成抗倒伏、抗旱的新春2号品种。1986年,新春2号在新疆推广98万亩(6.534×10~7m~2),成为新疆春小麦中种植面积最大的品种。对11个杂交组合的研究表明,杂种辐射F_2M_2代的株高等10个农艺性状的变异系数普遍大于杂种F_2代,且“赛洛斯×奇春4号”组合的F_2M_2代大多数性状变异系数,高于一般杂交组合。对这10个农艺性状之间的单相关系数的研究表明,“赛洛斯×奇春4号”或“奇春4号×赛洛斯”的F_2M_2代性状单相关系数发生显著变化的频率高达35～40%,比一般杂交组合高出1～5倍。此外还发现,不同母本的细胞质的辐射敏感性不同;主穗长度、主穗有效小穗数、主穗总小穗数,主穗粒数等性状之间的关联,完全受细胞核控制,而单株百粒重和籽粒饱满度两个性状,则与细胞质关系密切。
One half of the seeds of the hybrid contemporary dry seeds irradiated with ~ (60) Co gamma ray 2.064C / kg for 118 hybrids of spring wheat were compared with the other half seeds by multi-generation selection. Finally, Qichun 4 “hybrid combination of descendants into lodging resistance, drought-resistant New Year 2 varieties. In 1986, on the 2nd of spring, 98 million mu (6.534 × 10 ~ 7m ~ 2) were popularized in Xinjiang and became the largest cultivated area of spring wheat in Xinjiang. The study on eleven hybrid combinations showed that the coefficient of variation of 10 agronomic traits of F_2M_2 generation was higher than that of hybrid F_2 generation in hybrid radiation and the coefficient of variation of most traits of F_2M_2 generation in ”Syros × Qichun 4“ In general hybrid combinations. Studies on the single correlation coefficients between these ten agronomic traits show that the frequency of single significant correlations of the F 2 M 2 generation traits of ”Cyrus × Qichun 4“ or ”Qichun 4 × Cyos" 40%, 1 ~ 5 times higher than the average hybrid combination. In addition, it was also found that the radiation sensitivity of cytoplasm varied with different female parent. The correlation between the length of main ear, the number of effective spikelets of main spike, the number of total spikelets of main spike and the number of main spikelets were completely controlled by the nucleus. One hundred per plant weight and grain plump two traits, then closely related with the cytoplasm.