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17α-羟孕酮作为先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的筛查、治疗监测和特异性诊断指标，其准确测定在先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的早期诊断和早期治疗中尤为重要。17α-羟孕酮的常规测定方法分为免疫学方法和液相色谱串联质谱法。液相色谱串联质谱法克服了免疫分析特异性和灵敏度不足的问题，是国内外临床实验室开展17α-羟孕酮检测的重要发展方向。但目前国内外17α-羟孕酮检测的参考溯源体系尚未完善，免疫学方法和液相色谱串联质谱法均存在检测结果差异大的问题。学会专家，标准化机构、厂商和临床实验室亟需共同努力提高17α-羟孕酮常规方法的检测性能，促进17α-羟孕酮检测的标准化进程，从而实现17α-羟孕酮检测结果的准确可比。“,”17α-hydroxyprogesterone is a screening, therapeutic monitoring, and specific diagnostic indicator for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), and its accurate measurement is particularly important in the early diagnosis and treatment for CAH patients. The clinical routine measurements for the detection of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone are immunoassay and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). LC-MS/MS has overcome the deficiency of specificity and sensitivity in immunoassay and is an important method for 17 -hydroxyprogesterone detection in clinical laboratories at home and abroad. At present, since the reference traceability system for the detection of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone has not been established completely, the difference of the detection results between immunoassay and LC-MS/MS is still a problem. There is an urgent need for experts, standardization agencies, manufacturers and clinical laboratories to work together to improve the performance of 17 -hydroxyprogesterone detection and facilitate the standardization of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone measurement to achieve accurate and comparable testing results.