论文部分内容阅读
长江上游紫色土区土层薄、降雨集中且频繁,加之人类不合理活动的影响,土壤侵蚀严重,仅次于中国的黄土高原地区,其中,坡耕地是导致长江上游紫色土地区水土流失的最主要因素之一。耕作措施、梯田工程措施以及植物篱措施都能够起到防止坡耕地水土流失的作用,但在不同的坡度范围内,这几种措施的蓄水保土效益也不同。文章在分析坡度对坡耕地、各种水土保持治理措施对土壤侵蚀及效应影响的基础上,根据以上几种治理措施在不同的坡度坡耕地上水土保持效益最大化的原理,提出了不同坡度范围内水土保持措施的合理配置方案。研究认为,在0～5°、5～15°、15～25°3个坡度级别的坡耕地上应分别采用以耕作措施、梯田工程、植物篱为主的措施进行治理,25°以上的坡耕地应该退耕还林的治理模式。该研究将为长江上游紫色土地区的水土流失治理提供科学依据,为减少长江泥沙来源及地区农业可持续发展提供服务。
In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the purple soil area is thin and the rainfall is concentrated and frequent. Combined with unreasonable human activities, the soil erosion is serious, second only to the Loess Plateau in China. Among them, sloping land is the most important cause of soil erosion in the purple soil area of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River One of the main factors. Tillage measures, terrace engineering measures and hedgerows can all play a role in preventing soil erosion in sloping fields. However, benefits of water conservation and soil conservation are different for different slope types. On the basis of analyzing the effect of slope on sloping farmland and various soil and water conservation measures on soil erosion and its effects, according to the principle of above several measures to maximize benefits of soil and water conservation on sloping sloping farmlands, Rational allocation of soil and water conservation measures. The study suggests that the measures of tillage, terraced field and hedgerow should be adopted on sloping farmlands of 3 slopes of 0 ~ 5 °, 5 ~ 15 ° and 15 ~ 25 °, respectively. The slopes above 25 ° Cultivated land should be converted to forest management model. The study will provide a scientific basis for soil and water loss control in the purple soil area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and serve to reduce the sediment source in the Yangtze River and the sustainable development of agriculture in the region.