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目的掌握福建省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情动态,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法对全省疫情报告进行统计分析;采用笼夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度及鼠种构成,应用间接免疫荧光法对鼠肺进行汉坦病毒抗原检测及分型。结果2012年福建省报告HFRS患者373例,发病率为1.0027/10万。疫情分布于61个县(市、区),但主要集中在南平、福州、泉州及宁德市。松溪县、周宁县、邵武市和郑和县发病率位居全省县(市、区)前列。啮齿动物监测显示:室内平均鼠密度为5.32%,褐家鼠为主要鼠种,携带汉城型病毒。混合型疫区野外平均鼠密度为3.62%,针毛鼠为主要鼠种。首次从将乐县褐家鼠和黄胸鼠以及武平县褐家鼠中检出汉坦病毒抗原。结论福建省HFRS的主要宿主动物仍以褐家鼠为主。2012年福建省HFRS疫情有明显上升,松溪和周宁县HFRS发病率接近高发县水平,应切实做好灭鼠工作,对重点人群推广使用HFRS双价疫苗,减少发病,严防疾病暴发流行。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Fujian Province and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment. Methods Statistical analysis of the epidemic report in the province was conducted. The rats were caged by the night-cage method to calculate the rat density and the mouse species. The indirect immunofluorescence method was used to detect and classify the Hantaan virus antigen in the rat lung. Results A total of 373 cases of HFRS were reported in Fujian Province in 2012, with a prevalence of 1.0027 / 100,000. The outbreaks were distributed in 61 counties (cities and districts), but were mainly concentrated in Nanping, Fuzhou, Quanzhou and Ningde. Songxi County, Zhouning County, Shaowu City and Zhenghe County incidence rate in the province (city, district) forefront. Rodent surveillance showed that the average indoor rat density was 5.32%. Rattus norvegicus was the main mouse species carrying the Seoul virus. The average field density of mixed epidemic area was 3.62%, and the needle rat was the main mouse species. For the first time, hantavirus antigens were detected in Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus in Wuping County. Conclusions The main host animals of HFRS in Fujian Province are still mainly Rattus norvegicus. The incidence of HFRS in Fujian Province increased significantly in 2012 and the incidence of HFRS in Songxi and Zhouning was close to that of high prevalence counties. Rodent control should be effectively implemented to promote the use of HFRS bivalent vaccine in key populations to reduce the incidence and prevent outbreaks of diseases.