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目的:研究超声在评估老年颈动脉粥样硬化与退行性心脏瓣膜病关系中的应用价值。方法:选择2013年1月~2015年12月在我院进行诊治的52例退行性心脏瓣膜病老年患者为观察组,52例非退行性心脏瓣膜病老年患者作为对照组。行超声检查后,观察患者的颈动脉斑块积分(Crouse积分)和颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),比较两组患者的心脏管腔狭窄和管腔堵塞情况,以及两组高血压、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病和糖尿病的发生情况。结果:观察组52例退行性心脏瓣膜病老年患者中,心脏瓣膜钙化程度分级为1级的有18例,2级有19例,3级有15例。心脏瓣膜钙化程度分级为3级的患者Crouse积分和IMT均明显高于1级和2级(P<0.05),且2级明显高于1级(P<0.05);观察组心脏管腔堵塞和狭窄的发生率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组高血压、冠心病和糖尿病的发生率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:老年颈动脉粥样硬化与退行性心脏瓣膜病紧密相关,利用超声检查能对老年颈动脉粥样硬化和退行性心脏瓣膜病的病情进行有效评估。
Objective: To study the value of ultrasound in assessing the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and degenerative heart valve disease in the elderly. Methods: From January 2013 to December 2015, 52 elderly patients with degenerative valvular heart disease in our hospital were selected as observation group and 52 elderly patients with non-degenerative valvular heart disease as control group. After the ultrasound examination, the carotid artery plaque score (Crouse score) and the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were observed. The comparison of the two groups of patients with cardiac stenosis and lumen obstruction, as well as two groups of hypertension, coronary Atherosclerotic heart disease and the incidence of diabetes. Results: Of the 52 elderly patients with degenerative valvular heart disease in the observation group, 18 had grade 1 heart valve calcification, 19 had grade 2, and 15 had grade 3. Crouse score and IMT in patients with grade 3 heart valve calcification were significantly higher than those in grade 1 and 2 (P <0.05), and grade 2 was significantly higher than grade 1 (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The incidence of hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Carotid atherosclerosis in elderly patients is closely related to degenerative valvular heart disease, and the use of ultrasonography can effectively assess the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and degenerative valvular heart disease in the elderly.