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在中国证券市场短短十几年的发展中,担保作为上市公司的一种正常的经营手段,曾为上市公司方便、快捷地获得银行资金以及为金融机构利益的保障产生了积极作用。据统计,在2009至2013年上市公司的长期贷款(平均值)中,保证担保贷款达58.44%,而抵押担保仅占28.48%,其余13.08%基本是信用贷款;在同期的短期贷款(平均值)中,保证担保贷款更是高达63.38%,而抵押担保仅占22.22%,其余14.41%基本是信用贷款。然而,近年来,不规范的担保行为已成为困扰上市公司的一大陷阱,上市公司因担保被拖下水的情况屡见不鲜,有人甚至把中国上市公司融资担保问题称为“上市公司的哥德巴赫之谜”。本文在分析上市公司融资担保发展历程基础上,找出目前我国上市公司融资担保存在的问题,并提出加强我国融资担保风险控制的措施。
In just a dozen years of development in the securities market in China, as a normal management method of listed companies, guarantee has played a positive role for listed companies to obtain bank funds quickly and conveniently and protect the interests of financial institutions. According to statistics, among the long-term loans (average) of listed companies from 2009 to 2013, guaranteed loans amounted to 58.44%, while mortgage guarantee accounted for only 28.48%, while the remaining 13.08% was basically a credit loan. In the same period, short-term loans ), Guaranteed loans is as high as 63.38%, while mortgage guarantees accounted for only 22.22%, the remaining 14.41% is basically a credit loan. However, in recent years, non-standard guarantee behavior has become a big trouble for listed companies. Listed companies are often flooded with guarantees. Some even refer to the issue of financing guarantee for Chinese listed companies as “Goldbach mystery of”. Based on the analysis of the development of financing guarantee for listed companies, this paper finds out the problems of financing guarantee for listed companies in our country and puts forward the measures to strengthen the risk control of financing guarantee in China.