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目的出境旅游已成为休闲娱乐的一大热点,近年来,由北海口岸出境赴越南旅游的人员日益增多,双边旅游迅速发展,为了进一步做好赴越南旅游者卫生保健工作,控制旅行中疾病的发生,以保护旅行者的身心健康。方法对出境旅游者随机抽样进行卫生保健常识与预防措施问卷调查以及旅游者在越南旅游期间发病情况的调查。结果乘客轮出境旅游者为11096人,在北海组团经陆路赴越南旅游者为177089人,出境旅游合计总人数达188185人;问卷调查,旅游者对旅游地是否有霍乱、疟疾、登革热、性病、艾滋病等疾病发生和流行疫情的了解,回答有的分别为39.9%(386/968)、13.9%(135/968)、3.8%(37/968)、71.6%(693/968)、60.1%(582/968),旅游者对登革热、疟疾疫情了解程度最低,差异有极显著性意义(X~2=1385,P<0.01)。旅游者对一般预防措施如:预防接种、服用抗疟药、使用防蚊药、穿长袖衣裤、携带常备药物、勿生食生饮、避免不当性行为等的了解分别是26.5%(256/968)、6.7%(65/968)、8.9%(86/968)、3.5%(34/968)、66.6%(645/968)、47.8%(463/968)、59.5%(576/968),对穿长袖衣裤、服用抗疟药、使用防蚊药等三项预防措施的知道程度最低,差异有极显著性意义(X~2=1894,P<0.01);调查还显示,接受旅行卫生保健宣传表示满意以上程度人员为85.7%,说明旅游人员乐意接受旅行卫生保健知识宣传;旅游者在越南旅游期间共发生各种疾病526例,其中感冒212例,腹泻133例,外伤78例,皮炎56例,其他47例。结论依据旅游者在越南期间的发病情况,阐述了当今旅游业迅速发展的同时也带来了许多旅行卫生问题及其他社会问题,重点分析了旅游者在越南旅游期间疾病的发生的原因,提出注意饮食卫生和防蚊药的推广使用,游泳时注意自我安全防护,小心礁石、贝壳等划伤,文章还指出,由于个人隐私和一些疾病潜伏期长短的原因,影响了病例的统计,特别是一些性传播疾病和传染病,将进一步观察和探讨,在现今一些疾病还没有好的预防药物和预防疫苗时,宣传教育和自我防护是最有效的方法,文章强调要进一步充分发挥出入境检验检疫机关在国际旅行卫生保健方面的技术优势,深入开展国际旅行卫生保健咨询,提供广泛有效的预防用药,这样才能有效地预防和控制疾病的发生,保护好旅游者的身体健康,愉快地完成全程旅游,从而促进双边旅游业健康发展和地方经济建设的繁荣。
Objectives Outbound tourism has become a major hot spot for leisure and entertainment. In recent years, there have been more and more people traveling from Beihai Port to Vietnam, and bilateral tourism has developed rapidly. In order to further improve the health care of Vietnamese tourists, the occurrence of diseases during travel is controlled. To protect the traveler’s physical and mental health. Methods Questionnaire surveys on common sense of health care and preventive measures were conducted on outbound tourists randomly selected from outbound tourists and the incidence of tourists during tourism in Vietnam was investigated. As a result, there were 11,096 passengers leaving the country for round-trip travel, and 177,089 people traveled to Vietnam via the Beihai Group. The total number of outbound travel personnel reached 188,185. Questionnaires investigated whether tourists had cholera, malaria, dengue fever, sexually transmitted diseases, or other diseases at tourist destinations. The understanding of the occurrence and epidemic situation of AIDS and other diseases was answered by 39.9% (386/968), 13.9% (135/968), 3.8% (37/968), 71.6% (693/968), and 60.1% ( 582/968), tourists had the lowest level of understanding of dengue fever and malaria, and the difference was extremely significant (X~2=1385, P<0.01). Tourists’ understanding of general preventive measures such as vaccination, antimalarial drugs, use of anti-mosquito drugs, wearing long-sleeved underwear, carrying standing drugs, not eating raw beverages, and avoiding unjust sexual acts were 26.5% (256/ 968), 6.7% (65/968), 8.9% (86/968), 3.5% (34/968), 66.6% (645/968), 47.8% (463/968), 59.5% (576/968) The lowest level of awareness of the three preventive measures, such as wearing long-sleeved underwear, taking antimalarial drugs, and using anti-mosquito drugs, was extremely significant (X~2=1894, P<0.01); the survey also showed that Travel health care publicity expressed satisfaction that 85.7% of the above personnel were involved, indicating that the tourists were willing to receive travel health education knowledge; 526 cases of various diseases occurred while tourists were traveling in Vietnam, including 212 cases of colds, 133 cases of diarrhea, and 78 cases of traumatic injuries. There were 56 cases of dermatitis and 47 cases of other cases. Conclusion According to the incidence of tourists during their journey in Vietnam, the rapid development of the tourism industry at the same time has also brought many travel hygiene issues and other social issues. It has focused on analyzing the causes of the diseases of tourists during tourism in Vietnam, and has paid attention to The use of dietary hygiene and mosquito repellents promotes self-safety protection during swimming, and cares for scratches on reefs, shells, etc. The article also points out that due to personal privacy and the length of the incubation period of some diseases, the statistics of cases, especially some sexualities, are affected. The spread of diseases and infectious diseases will be further observed and explored. When some diseases are not yet available with good preventive drugs and vaccines, publicity, education, and self-protection are the most effective methods. The article emphasizes that the entry-exit inspection and quarantine authorities should further give full play to The technical advantages of international travel health care, in-depth consultations on international travel health care, and the provision of a wide range of effective preventive medications can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of diseases, protect the health of tourists, and complete the whole journey happily. Promote the healthy development of bilateral tourism and prosperity of local economic construction .