论文部分内容阅读
培养学生的观察能力,是物理实验教学的基本要求,是使学生获得感性认识进而掌握物理概念和规律的基础。加强实验中学生观察能力的培养,有助于学生综合分析能力、操作能力的增强。现就初中物理实验教学中有效地培养学生的观察能力谈一点浅见。1 明确目的,让学生带着问题观察 观察是一种有意识、有计划、有选择性的认知活动。教师在指导学生进行观察时,应让学生明确观察目的,带着问题进行观察,并将注意力集中到观察的主要现象中来,观察效果就会显著。如观察水的沸腾实验时,其观察目的是:弄清产生沸腾现象的过程,掌握蒸发和沸腾的异同。让学生带着水在达到沸点以前,水面出现了什么?这些现象有什么变化?沸腾时,水面上下有什么变化?及其与加热的关系
Cultivating students’ observational ability is the basic requirement for physics experiment teaching, and it is the basis for students to acquire perceptual knowledge and master physical concepts and laws. Strengthening the cultivation of observational abilities in experimental middle schools will help students to enhance their comprehensive analysis and operation skills. Now, I will discuss the observation ability of students in junior high school physics experiment effectively. 1 Clear purpose for students to observe with problems Observation is a conscious, planned and selective cognitive activity. When teachers are instructing students to observe, they should allow students to clearly observe the purpose, observe with questions, and focus on the main phenomena of observation. The observation effect will be significant. For example, when observing the boiling experiment of water, the purpose of observation is to clarify the process of boiling and to understand the similarities and differences between evaporation and boiling. What happens to the surface of the water before the student reaches the boiling point with water? What changes have happened to these phenomena? What changes in the water surface when boiling, and their relationship with heating?