儿童在社会化过程中遵循着两条路线:一是与父母亲的互动关系,即亲子关系;二是与年龄相仿的儿童之间的交往关系,即同伴关系。在儿童出生后的最初几年里,主要的生活空间是家庭,亲子关系是儿童社会化的基本动因。但是,随着儿童年龄的增长和认知能力的提高,其活动范围逐渐扩展到家庭以外,同伴关系逐渐成为儿童交往的主要方面;特别是由于母亲外出供职,儿童较早开始把 Children follow two routes in the process of socialization: one is the interaction with parents, that is, parent-child relationship; the other is the interaction with children of the same age, that is, the partnership. In the early years after childbirth, the main living space is family, and parent-child relationship is the basic motivation for children’s socialization. However, as children grow older and their cognitive abilities increase, their scope of activity gradually extends beyond the family, and peer relationships have gradually become a major aspect of children’s interaction; especially as mothers go out to work, children start earlier