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对20个凡纳对虾Litopenaeusvannamai淡化养殖健康虾池水体理化及生物因子进行调查,调查结果健康虾池大小(0 48±0 19)hm2,水深(145±13)cm,最适放苗密度(148±30)万尾/hm2,盐度(2±2)‰,水温(30 6±3 3)℃,溶解氧(5 5±1 5)mg/L,pH值8 5±0 7,透明度(19±5)cm,氨氮(0 65±0 76)mg/L,亚硝基氮(0 15±0 17)mg/L,化学耗氧量(21 52±5 45)mg/L。虾池藻类种类数为43±8种,密度(1 51±0 76)×108个/L,多样性指数2 15±0 49,藻类优势种12种,蓝藻6种,硅藻2种,绿藻3种,隐藻1种,健康虾池优势种以螺旋藻Spirulinasp 为主,种群丰富度高而稳定。虾池原生动物种类数为14±3种,密度(2 71±1 79)×105个/L,多样性指数2 01±0 47,优势种9种,圆筒状拟铃壳虫Tintinnopsiscylindrata、毛板壳虫Colepshirtus和海洋帆口虫Pleuronemamarinum为常见优势种,优势种主要是食细菌—碎屑类。健康虾池水体异养菌群数量(2 37±1 83)×107cfu/L,弧菌数量(11 77±13 86)×105cfu/L,底泥异养细菌总数(7 90±29 08)×108cfu/L,弧菌总数(1 18±3 27)×107cfu/L。
The physical and chemical properties and biological factors of 20 pond shrimp Litopenaeus vannamai desalinated healthy shrimp ponds were investigated. The results showed that the size of healthy shrimp ponds (0 48 ± 0 19) hm2, water depth (145 ± 13) cm, (30 ± 3) ℃, dissolved oxygen (55 ± 1 5) mg / L, pH value of 85 ± 0 7, transparency 19 ± 5) cm, ammonia nitrogen (0 65 ± 0 76) mg / L, nitroso nitrogen (0 15 ± 0 17) mg / L and chemical oxygen consumption (21 52 ± 5 45) mg / L. The number of algal species in shrimp ponds was 43 ± 8, with a density of (1 51 ± 0 76) × 108 / L, a diversity index of 2 15 ± 0 49, 12 algae dominant species, 6 cyanobacteria, 2 diatoms, 3 species of algae and 1 species of algae. The dominant species of healthy shrimp ponds were Spirulinasp, with high and stable population richness. The number of species of shrimp ponds was 14 ± 3, with a density of (2 71 ± 1 79) × 105 / L, a diversity index of 2 01 ± 0 47, nine dominant species, Tintinnopsis cylindrata Colepshirtus and Pleuronemamarinum are the common dominant species. The predominant species are bacteria-debris. The number of heterotrophic bacteria in healthy shrimp ponds was (2 37 ± 1 83) × 107 cfu / L, the number of vibrios was 11 77 ± 13 86 × 105 cfu / L, and the total number of heterotrophic bacteria was (7 90 ± 29 08) × 108cfu / L, the total number of Vibrio (1 18 ± 3 27) × 107cfu / L.