碳纳米管独特的物理化学性质与其结构密切相关。目前,化学气相沉积法已成为低成本制备碳纳米管的常用方法,其中催化剂性质是实现碳纳米管可控生长的关键。催化剂作为碳纳米管成核生长的核心位点,对碳纳米管的结构起着决定性的作用。本文从适宜于化学气相沉积法生长碳纳米管的催化剂的结构与性质入手,综述了近几年催化剂在碳纳米管长度、管径、管壁数及手性控制等方面的研究进展。 The unique physical and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes are closely related to their structure. At present, the chemical vapor deposition method has become a common method for preparing carbon nanotubes at low cost. The nature of the catalyst is the key to achieving controlled growth of the carbon nanotubes. As the core of CNTs, the catalyst plays a decisive role in the structure of CNTs. In this paper, the structure and properties of catalysts suitable for growth of carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition are reviewed. The progress of catalysts in length, diameter, tube wall and chirality of carbon nanotubes in recent years is reviewed.