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燃料电池是一种将燃料所产生的化学能直接转化为电能的装置,它具有燃料范围较广、能量转化效率高、机械部件少、负荷响应快、体积小、噪声低、环境污染少等特点。燃料电池通常是由可形成离子的电解质板、两侧配有燃料作负极和空气作氧化剂的正极的电极构成。在电池工作时,燃料和氧化剂由外部供给进行反应,只要反应物不断输入,反应产物不断排出,燃料电池就能连续发电,符合绿色化学的理念,在生产、生活、航天及高科技领域中具有广泛的应用。一、燃料电池的种类1.按电解质的种类不同可分为酸性燃料电池、碱性燃料电池、熔融碳酸盐燃料电池、固体氧化物燃
Fuel cell is a device that can directly convert the chemical energy produced by fuel into electric energy. It has the characteristics of wide fuel range, high energy conversion efficiency, less mechanical components, fast load response, small volume, low noise and less environmental pollution . Fuel cells are typically composed of an ion-exchangeable electrolyte plate, electrodes on both sides of which fuel is supplied as a negative electrode and air as an oxidant. When the battery is working, the fuel and the oxidant are supplied by external supply. As long as the reactants are continuously input and the reaction products are continuously discharged, the fuel cell can generate power continuously, which is in line with the concept of green chemistry and has the advantages in production, living, spaceflight and high-tech fields Wide range of applications. First, the type of fuel cell 1. According to the different types of electrolytes can be divided into acidic fuel cells, alkaline fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel combustion