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新中国成立后，经过50余年的地质勘查和矿山建设，奠定了湖南作为我国矿产资源大省的地位，赢得了“有色金属之乡”和“非金属之乡”的美誉。在经历了计划经济和过渡时期的管理模式之后，湖南省的矿产资源管理正逐步由行政手段为主转为以法律手段为主，由直接组织或干预地勘单位的勘查和矿山企业的开采活动转为以矿业权管理为核心的新型管理模式。湖南省矿产资源面临着自然禀赋存在缺陷，开发成本高、难度大，保有储量消耗过快，接替资源不足，地勘投入短缺，矿业结构失调，经营方式粗放，资源利用率低，环境污染和破坏严重等一系列严峻问题。为此，应采取逐步建立和完善矿业市场，实现地勘业和矿业开发管理体制创新，加强地质勘查，提高矿产资源开发利用的集约化程度，加强矿山环境保护等措施，保证矿业可持续发展，促进全省工业化进程。
After the founding of new China, after more than 50 years of geological exploration and mine construction, Hunan has established itself as a large province of mineral resources in China and won the reputation of “hometown of non-ferrous metals” and “hometown of non-metals.” After experiencing the planned economy and the transitional management mode, the mineral resources management of Hunan Province is gradually shifting from administrative means to legal means. It consists of directly organizing or intervening the exploration of geological exploration units and the mining activities of mining enterprises To a new management model centered on mining rights management. Hunan’s mineral resources are faced with defects in natural endowments, such as high cost of development, high difficulty, excessive consumption of reserves, replacement of resources, shortage of investment in geological exploration, imbalance of mining structure, extensive management mode, low resource utilization rate, environmental pollution and destruction Serious and a series of serious problems. To this end, measures should be taken to gradually establish and improve the mining market, realize the exploration and mining management system, strengthen the geological prospecting, intensify the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources, and strengthen mine environmental protection so as to ensure the sustainable development of mining industry, Promote the province’s industrialization process.