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天然降雨是土壤侵蚀的动力因子之一,是研究降雨侵蚀力规律的基本依据。本研究以天然降雨特性为基础,对降雨侵蚀力进行了初步研究。实验运用虹吸式雨量计记录杨凌的天然降雨过程,同时采用滤纸色斑法观测天然降雨雨滴的特征,结合图形处理软件Image-J处理雨滴直径。研究结果表明:该区天然降雨雨滴大小分布符合Best函数式;降雨强度大小直接决定雨滴中数直径和降雨动能的大小,在与国内外经验关系式对比中,与江忠善所研究的降雨动能最接近,同时由于雨型的不同和观测范围的限制而存在一定差异。
Natural rainfall is one of the dynamic factors of soil erosion and is the basic basis for studying the law of rainfall erosivity. Based on natural rainfall characteristics, this study conducted a preliminary study of rainfall erosivity. In the experiment, the natural rainfall process of Yangling was recorded with a siphon rain gauge. Meanwhile, the characteristics of natural rainfall and raindrops were observed by the filter paper stain method, and the raindrop diameter was dealt with with the image processing software Image-J. The results show that the distribution of natural rainfall and raindrops in this area is in accordance with the Best formula. The rainfall intensity directly determines the number of raindrops and the kinetic energy of rainfall. Compared with the empirical correlations at home and abroad, Close to the same time due to the different types of rain and the scope of observation there are some differences.