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目的通过对汕头市氟病区改水前后儿童地氟病患病情况的调查,分析汕头市氟病区儿童地氟病的影响因素。方法采用回顾性流行病学方法,调查汕头市氟病区改水时间和方式,饮用水水氟含量的测定采用氟离子电极法,氟斑牙检查根据《氟斑牙临床诊断标准》(WS/WH208-2001)进行。结果汕头市氟病区饮水型高氟区改水后,居民饮用水氟含量不超过1mg/L,改水4年后的氟病区儿童氟斑牙患病率显著低于未改水氟病区(P<0.01),改水超过8年后,儿童氟斑牙患病率低于30%。结论儿童地氟病患病率与改水年限呈负相关,改水降氟是消除氟危害的主要措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in children with fluorosis in Shantou City before and after water diversion and to analyze the influencing factors of endemic fluorosis in children with fluorosis in Shantou. Methods The retrospective epidemiological method was used to investigate the time and method of water diversion in fluorosis area of Shantou City. Fluoride ion electrode method was used to determine the fluoride content in drinking water. According to the clinical diagnostic criteria of dental fluorosis (WS / WH208-2001). Results In Shantou City, the prevalence of dental fluorosis in fluoride-contaminated areas in Shantou City was significantly lower than that in non-fluorosis areas (P <0.01). After changing water for more than 8 years, the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children was less than 30%. Conclusion There is a negative correlation between the prevalence of endemic fluorosis and the changing age of water in children. Water diversion and fluoride reduction are the main measures to eliminate the fluorine hazard.