行直肠全切除时,肛括约肌的保留具有重要的临床和社会意义。这一问题不仅在治疗直肠恶性病变时遇到,而且在治疗结肠、直肠弥漫性息肉病,溃疡性结肠炎或累及结肠和直肠的克隆氏病。放射性直肠炎和其它罕见病变时也会遇到。过去为保留肛括约肌功能提出的各种外科技术都是根据理论上的假设,即直肠最少要保留2～3cm,并且为了保持充分的肛门节制功能,肛门内括约肌必须保留。结果这些方法在治 Rectal total resection, the retention of anal sphincter has important clinical and social significance. This problem is encountered not only in the treatment of rectal malignant lesions, but also in the treatment of colon, rectal diffuse polyposis, ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease involving the colon and rectum. Radiation proctitis and other rare lesions will also encounter. In the past, various surgical techniques for preserving anal sphincter function were based on the theoretical assumption that the rectum should be kept at a minimum of 2 to 3 cm, and that the anal sphincter must be retained in order to maintain adequate anorectal function. The results of these methods in governance