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目的了解汶川地震后一般灾区某医学院学生的心理健康状况,为其心理健康教育与干预提供依据。方法采用自拟问卷及事件影响量表(IES)、贝克抑郁自评问卷(BD I)、焦虑自评量表(SA S)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)对该院校的280名学生进行调查。结果①共发放问卷280份,有效回收率96.43%,23名学生IES总分≥30分,占总数的8.52%;抑郁人数占28.88%,焦虑人数占9.26%;②创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状与焦虑症状呈显著正相关(t=4.013,P=0.000);PTSD症状与家乡受灾情况呈显著正相关(t=5.324,P=0.000),与亲戚朋友伤亡情况呈正相关(t=2.468,P=0.012),与家中房屋受损情况呈正相关(t=2.528,P=0.016)。结论地震1个月后,此学院部分学生明显有PTSD症状、焦虑、抑郁等方面的心理问题,且有交叉发生的情况。
Objective To understand the mental health of a medical college student in a general disaster area after the Wenchuan earthquake and provide a basis for their psychological health education and intervention. Methods A total of 280 students in this college were enrolled in this study using the Self-made Questionnaire and Incident Impact Scale (IES), the Baker Depression Rating Scale (BDI), the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SA S) and the TraitQuest Questionnaire (TCSQ) survey. Results ① A total of 280 questionnaires were sent out, the effective recovery rate was 96.43%. The IES scores of all 23 students were ≥30 points, accounting for 8.52% of the total. The number of depression was 28.88% and the number of anxiety was 9.26%. ② Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (T = 4.013, P = 0.000). There was a significant positive correlation between PTSD symptoms and the affected area (t = 5.324, P = 0.000), and there was a positive correlation between the symptoms of PTSD and the relatives and friends (t = 2.468 , P = 0.012), which was positively correlated with the damage of home (t = 2.528, P = 0.016). Conclusion One month after the earthquake, some students in this college obviously had psychological problems such as PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression and the like, and there were cases of crossover.