目的:观察加味射干麻黄汤对哮喘小鼠模型血清中干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)和氧自由基的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法:将40只小鼠随机分组为正常对照组、哮喘组、中药组、西药组,每组10只。采用卵白蛋白(OVA)腹腔注射致敏和雾化激发的方法建立小鼠支气管哮喘模型,然后用不同的措施对哮喘小鼠模型进行干预。干预完成后,采用ELISA方法检测每只小鼠血清中IFN-γ水平,分光光度法检测小鼠肺组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量。并对各组小鼠肺组织进行病理形态学观察。结果:模型组与正常组相比,前者血清中IFN-γ水平显著降低(P<0.01);肺组织中SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05);伴MDA含量增高(P<0.01)。中药组和西药组与模型组相比,前二者血清中IFN-γ水平则高于模型组(P<0.05~0.01);肺组织中SOD活性明显升高(P<0.01)而MDA降低(P<0.01)。正常对照组IFN-γ水平、肺组织SOD和MDA活性与中药组及西药组比较,无统计学意义(P>0.05);中药组IFN-γ水平、肺组织中SOD和MDA与西药组比较亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:通过促进哮喘小鼠体内干扰素-γ表达,提高肺组织抗氧化能力,从而减轻气道免疫炎症、降低支气管高反应性可能是加味射干麻黄汤治疗哮喘的作用机制之一。 Objective: To observe the effects of Jiawei Shegan Mahuang decoction on interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and oxygen free radicals in the serum of asthmatic mouse model, and to explore its mechanism of action. Methods: Forty mice were randomly divided into normal control group, asthma group, traditional Chinese medicine group and western medicine group, with 10 mice in each group. Ovarianalbumin (OVA) was injected intraperitoneally with sensitization and atomization to establish a mouse bronchial asthma model, and then different measures were used to intervene in the asthmatic mouse model. After completion of the intervention, IFN-γ levels in each mouse’s serum were measured by ELISA, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in lung tissue of mice were measured by spectrophotometry. The pathological morphological changes of lung tissues of mice in each group were observed. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the serum levels of IFN-γ in the former group were significantly lower (P<0.01); the activity of SOD in the lung tissue was significantly lower (P<0.05); the level of MDA was increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the serum levels of IFN-γ in the former two groups were higher than those in the model group (P<0.05~0.01); the activity of SOD in the lung tissue was significantly higher (P<0.01) and the MDA was decreased ( P<0.01). The level of IFN-γ in the normal control group and the activity of SOD and MDA in the lung tissue were not statistically different from those in the Chinese medicine group and the western medicine group (P>0.05). The level of IFN-γ in the Chinese medicine group, the SOD and MDA in the lung tissue were also compared with the western medicine group. No statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: The promotion of anti-oxidation ability of lung tissue by improving the expression of interferon-γ in asthmatic mice, thereby reducing airway immune inflammation and reducing bronchial hyperresponsiveness may be one of the mechanisms of Jiawei Shegan Mahuang Decoction in the treatment of asthma.