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[目的]了解普陀区居民的膳食结构、营养现况和营养相关疾病,为制定相关政策、指导居民合理饮食提供依据。[方法]本次调查是家庭抽样调查,采用分层多阶段整群随机的方法,调查包括询问调查、膳食调查等。[结果]普陀区居民禽肉水产类人均每日消费量上升,为213.96g,豆制品、蛋类人均每日消费量65.44g和42.68g,已达到推荐量。谷类、乳类、蔬菜人均每日消费量未达到推荐量,分别为265.06g、112.62g、270.35g;居民能量和碳水化合物的人均每日摄入不足,蛋白质、脂肪、铁、维生素E、烟酸的摄入量已基本达到推荐量,但钙、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C的摄入量较低。能量来源结构分布已比较合理,蛋白质结构中优质蛋白质占57.05%。15岁及以上成年人高血压患病率为25.76%、糖尿病患病率为6.87%、血脂异常率为9.91%。[结论]居民膳食状况有较大提高,但能量摄入不足,某些营养素依然缺乏;营养相关性慢性病将是重要的公共卫生问题。
[Objective] To understand the dietary structure, nutritional status and nutrition related diseases of residents in Putuo District and provide the basis for formulating relevant policies and guiding residents’ reasonable diet. [Methods] This survey is a family sampling survey, using stratified multi-stage cluster random method, the survey includes inquiry and dietary surveys. [Result] The per capita daily consumption of poultry meat aquatic products in Putuo District increased by 213.96g, the per capita daily consumption of soy products and eggs was 65.44g and 42.68g, which reached the recommended level. Daily consumption of cereals, milk and vegetables per capita did not reach the recommended levels, which were 265.06g, 112.62g and 270.35g respectively. Daily intake per inhabitant of energy and carbohydrates, protein, fat, iron, vitamin E, Acid intake has basically reached the recommended amount, but calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C intake is low. The energy source structure distribution has been more reasonable, the protein structure of high quality protein accounted for 57.05%. The prevalence of hypertension in adults aged 15 and over was 25.76%, the prevalence of diabetes was 6.87% and the rate of dyslipidemia was 9.91%. [Conclusion] The dietary status of residents has been greatly improved, but the insufficiency of energy intake and the lack of certain nutrients, and the nutrition-related chronic diseases will be an important public health issue.