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目的了解山西平顺县中小学生的视力状况,为学校视力保护工作提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样调查方法,从平顺县20个乡(镇)中抽取5个乡(镇)的5所中学、5所小学的6 454名学生作为调查对象。结果6 454名学生视力低下率为30.63%,其中,小学生视力低下率为12.61%,初中生为47.04%,初中生高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.98,P<0.01);从性别上看,男生视力低下率为27.34%;女生视力低下率为33.97%,女生视力低下率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.35,P<0.01);从视力低下分度构成看,小学生轻度73.97%,中度19.84%,重度6.19%,初中生轻度43.11%,中度26.75%,重度30.14%,小学生以轻度为主,而初中生则中、重度的比例有所增加;从地区看,县城中小学生视力低下率为34.05%,乡(镇)中小学生视力低下率为26.46%,县城明显高于乡(镇),差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.28,P<0.01)。结论预防干预和积极治疗来减低和控制中小学生视力低下患病率势在必行。
Objective To understand the visual acuity of primary and secondary school students in Pingshun County of Shanxi Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the school’s visual acuity protection. Methods By cluster sampling method, 5 middle schools in 5 townships (towns) and 6 454 students in 5 primary schools were selected from 20 townships (towns) in Pingshun County as survey subjects. Results The prevalence of poor vision in 6 454 students was 30.63%. Among them, the rate of poor eyesight in primary school students was 12.61%, that in junior high school students was 47.04%, that in junior high school students was significantly higher than that in primary school students (χ2 = 8.98, P <0.01); In terms of gender, the prevalence of vision loss in boys was 27.34%; the prevalence of vision loss in girls was 33.97%; the rate of vision loss in girls was higher than that in boys (χ2 = 33.35, P <0.01); , 73.97% for mild pupils, 19.84% for moderate pupils, 6.19% for moderate pupils, 43.11% for moderate pupils, 26.75% for moderate pupils, and 30.14% for severe pupils. (P <0.01). The visual acuity rate of primary and secondary school students in county was 34.05%, that of primary and secondary school in township (town) was 26.46%, and that of county was significantly higher than that of township (χ2 = 43.28, P < 0.01). Conclusion Preventive intervention and active treatment to reduce and control the prevalence of poor eyesight is imperative.