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任何矿物很少成纯粹的状态而存在,大都杂有比较无用的脉石。杂有脉石的矿物,通常称为矿石。矿石中含脉石少的,可以直接供冶炼之用。矿石中含脉石多的。则往往须先行选别或者浓集,以除去一部份的脉石而增加矿物的浓度,然后再供冶炼之用。还有许多种的煤,杂有很多的脉石或者硫化物矿石如黄铁矿等,就是含有很高的灰分或者硫分,不适于燃烧、炼焦,冶炼等用途。牠们也须
Few minerals exist in pure form, mostly mixed with useless gangues. Miscellaneous gangue minerals, commonly known as ores. Containing gangue ore less, can be used directly for smelting. There are many rocks in the ore. It is often necessary to select or concentrate first to remove some of the gangue and increase the concentration of minerals, and then for smelting purposes. There are many kinds of coal, mixed with many gangue or sulfide ore such as pyrite, is high ash or sulfur content, not suitable for combustion, coking, smelting and other purposes. They also have to