通过对西汉一代大司马之职的考察 ,认为西汉大司马一职多为外戚所把持 ,是皇帝个人专权机关“内朝”的骨干。大司马之职是否专有军权与统治阶级内部尤其是皇帝与外戚的权力之争有着密切的关系 ,外戚地位的上升是西汉中晚期一个值得注意的政治现象 Through the investigation on the post of the Grand Sima of the Western Han Dynasty, it is believed that the majority of Sima Han’s posts are dominated by foreign relatives and the backbone of the “internal court” of the individual authority of the emperor. Whether or not there is a close relationship between exclusive military power and the power struggle within the ruling class, especially between the emperor and the foreign relatives, and the rise of the status of the outsider is a notable political phenomenon in the middle and late Western Han Dynasty