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直链淀粉含量是衡量水稻蒸煮食味品质的重要指标之一,寒地水稻直链淀粉含量适中,口感较好,广受消费者喜爱.本研究利用267对SSR标记对158份寒地水稻种质资源材料进行多态性扫描,分析群体遗传结构与位点间连锁不平衡,并使用TASSEL软件的MLM (mixed linear model)方法对直链淀粉含量进行标记与性状的关联分析.结果表明:群体结构分析将参试材料分为3个群体;关联分析结果在水稻的第1、第3、第6、第7、第8染色体上共检测到10个与水稻直链淀粉含量显著关联(p<0.01)的位点,分别为RM2615、 RM1152、RM148、RM570、RM1164、RM1377、RM276、RM25、RM141和RM1360,贡献率最高的位点是位于第6染色体上的RM2615 (32.07％);10个显著关联位点的27个等位变异中仅包括1个减效位点(RM2615- 482 bp),其余均为增效位点,增效表型效应值最大的等位变异为RM1152-296 bp (0.050 1).研究得到的与寒地水稻直链淀粉含量相关的SSR位点及其表型效应可为改良寒地水稻直链淀粉含量、培育优质寒地水稻品种的分子辅助育种工作提供理论依据.“,”Amylose content is one of the important indicators to evaluate the cooking and eating quality of rice. The rice in cold region has moderate amylose content and tastes better and is widely loved by consumers. In this study, the polymorphism of 158 rice germplasm resources in cold region were analyzed by using 267 simplesequence repeat (SSR) markers, and the linkage disequilibrium of pairwise loci and population structure were analyzed. Association between SSR loci and amylose content traits were studied by using TASSEL MLM (mixed linear model) program. The result showed that according to structural analysis, the tested materials were divided into 3 groups; A total of 10 SSR markers distributed on the 1 st, 3 rd, 6 th, 7 th and 8 th chromosomes were significantly associated with amylose content traits (p<0.01), including RM2615, RM1152, RM148, RM570, RM1164, RM1377, RM276, RM25, RM141 and RM1360. The RM2615 which located on the 6th chromosome was detected as a locus with the highest contribution rate (32.07％); Among 27 allelic variations of 10 loci which were signifi-cantly associated with amylose content, there was only one locus with negative effect (RM2615-482 bp), and the rest were positive effect. The RM1152-296 bp showed the largest positive effect value (0.050 1). The results in the present study could provide a theoretical basis for marker-assisted selection of improvement in amylose content and cultivation of high quality varieties of rice in cold region.