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一、概述经过20多年的历程,MRP Ⅱ技术已在各发达国家得到迅猛发展,其应用的范围也越来越广,不再仅仅局限于制造业。到90年代初期,世界市场已有300多种不同形式和用途的MRP Ⅱ软件产品,各国也都相继产生了一批专门从事MRP Ⅱ商品软件开发的公司。在美国,仅1990年,MRP Ⅱ软件的年收入就超过了14亿美元,并且还以年平均增长率为9.1%的速度增长,预计到1996年将达到23亿美元。到目前为止,全美国已安装了多达4.5万套MRP Ⅱ系统,开发与销售MRP Ⅱ软件产品的公司多达300多个,并且一家公司往往能提供可运行在1～3种机型或在多个操作系统环境下使用的产品。另外,美国MRP Ⅱ的计算机硬件销售收入也颇为丰厚,仅1989年就超过了8.53亿美元,预计到1996年营业收入将超过15亿美元,其中1989～1996年期间的平均年增长率为9%。另外,根据美国自动化研究公司已发表的题为《工厂管理系统:单元、车间和工厂级》的市场研究报告,美国工厂管理系统的市场销售额从1987年的
I. Overview After more than 20 years of development, MRP II technology has been rapidly developed in various developed countries. The scope of its application is also becoming wider and wider. It is no longer confined to manufacturing alone. By the early 1990s, there were more than 300 MRP II software products in various forms and applications in the world market. Countries have also successively produced a number of companies specializing in MRP II commodity software development. In the United States, in 1990 alone, the annual revenue of MRP II software exceeded US$1.4 billion, and it also increased at an average annual rate of 9.1%, and is expected to reach US$2.3 billion by 1996. So far, as many as 45,000 MRP II systems have been installed in the United States, and as many as 300 companies have developed and sold MRP II software products, and one company can often provide one or three models or can run on Products used in multiple operating system environments. In addition, the computer hardware sales revenue of the United States MRP II is also quite rich. It exceeded 853 million U.S. dollars in 1989. It is estimated that the operating revenue will exceed 1.5 billion U.S. dollars in 1996, with an average annual growth rate of 9 between 1989 and 1996. %. In addition, according to a market research report published by American Automated Research Corporation entitled “Factory Management System: Units, Workshops, and Plant Levels”, the US factory management system’s market sales from 1987